The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) released the CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025 on its official website, cbseacademic.nic.in. Here are a few details that will help candidates understand the CBSE 12th physics syllabus 2025.
Link to Download CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025
The CBSE 12th class physics syllabus 2025 assists candidates in gaining a better understanding of the curriculum. They must ensure that they refer to the CBSE 12th exam pattern 2025 in order to efficiently prepare for the exam. A table with the link to the CBSE 12th class physics syllabus 2025 is provided below.
- CBSE 12th Physics Syllabus 2025 PDF
- CBSE 12th Physics Syllabus 2024 PDF
- CBSE 12th Physics Syllabus 2023 PDF
How to Download the CBSE Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025?
Candidates must visit the official website and download CBSE syllabus 2025 for Class 12 mathematics. They must ensure they visit the website and download the CBSE 12th class physics syllabus 2025 on time, as it will help them score well. Given below are a few important details regarding the CBSE 12th grade physics syllabus 2025.
- Candidates must go to the CBSE’s official website, cbseacademics.nic.in.
- They must click on the “CBSE Class 12th Syllabus 2025” link.
- After clicking on the link, they will be redirected to another page.
- The CBSE class 12 Physics syllabus 2025 will be displayed on the candidates’ screens.
- Candidates must download the CBSE class 12 physics syllabus in PDF form and keep it safely for future purposes.
CBSE Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025
The CBSE 12th class physics syllabus 2025 consists of various units that include important concepts and topics that candidates must prepare for the final exam. A table with all of the important details that will help candidates understand the CBSE 12th class physics syllabus 2025 is provided below. Students should cover all topics by the release of CBSE exam date 2025 Class 12 PDF.
Unit No. and Name | Chapter/s Name | Marks |
1. Electrostatics | Electric Charges and Fields Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | 16 |
2. Current Electricity | Current Electricity | |
3. Magnetic Effect of Current & Magnetism | Moving Charges and Magnetism Magnetism and Matter | 17 |
4. Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Currents | Electromagnetic Induction Alternating Currents | |
5. Electromagnetic Waves | Electromagnetic Waves | 18 |
6. Optics | Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Wave Optics | |
7. Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | 12 |
8. Atoms and Nuclei | Atoms Nuclei | |
9. Electronic Devices | Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits | 7 |
Total | 70 |
Detailed Explanation of the CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025
A table with the details of the theory portion of the CBSE 12th class physics syllabus 2025 is provided below.
| Chapters | Important Topics |
| Electric Charges and Fields | Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field. Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside). |
| Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field. Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only). |
| Current Electricity | Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff’s rules, Wheatstone bridge. |
| Moving Charges and Magnetism | Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment. Biot-Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. |
| Magnetism and Matter | Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field lines. Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro – magnetic substances with examples, Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties. |
| Electromagnetic Induction | Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz’s Law, Self and mutual induction. |
| Alternating Current | Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current. AC generator, Transformer |
| Electromagnetic Waves | Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature (qualitative idea only). Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses. |
| Ray Optics and Optical Instruments | Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s formula, magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism. Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers. |
| Wave Optics | Wave front and Huygen’s principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width (No derivation final expression only), coherent sources and sustained interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima (qualitative treatment only). |
| Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation-particle nature of light. Experimental study of photoelectric effect Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation. |
| Atoms | Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom, Expression for radius of nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of electron in his orbit, of hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only). |
| Nuclei | Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion. |
| Semiconductor Electronics | Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only) Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type, p-n junction Semiconductor diode – I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier. |
CBSE Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025: Marking Scheme
The CBSE 12th grade marking scheme consists of a few crucial details like as marks allotted to each section and the weightage given to each topic. The CBSE 12th class marking scheme is released along with CBSE Class 12 Sample Paper 2025 PDF. Given below is a table consisting of the CBSE 12th class marking scheme.
| Typology of Questions | Total marks | Approximate Percentage |
| Remembering and Understanding | 27 | 38% |
| Applying | 22 | 32% |
| Analysing, Evaluating and Creating | 21 | 30% |
| Total | 70 | 100% |
| Practical | 30 | |
| Gross total | 100 |
Exam Pattern for CBSE Practical Exams 2025
The CBSE practical exams consist of the marking scheme for the final exams. Candidates will be asked to conduct two experiments and will be asked to present a practical record on the day of the exam. The marking scheme for the CBSE practical exam 2025 is shown in the table below.
| Particular | Marks |
| Two experiments one from each section | 7+7 |
| Practical record [experiments and activities] | 5 |
| One activity from any section | 3 |
| Investigatory Project | 3 |
| Viva on experiments, activities and project | 5 |
| Total | 30 |
Important tips for CBSE Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025
Candidates must make sure they formulate a proper strategy on the basis of the CBSE 12th class physics syllabus 2025, as it will help them score well in the exam. Candidates should keep these points in mind while preparing for the CBSE Class 12 exams.
- Candidates must ensure they go through the CBSE 12th class physics syllabus 2025 as a whole before preparing for the exam.
- They must make sure they make a list of all the important topics and thoroughly practise them, as this will carry a lot of weight in the exam.
- They must ensure they solve the CBSE 12th class Previous Yeat papers as much as they can, as it will help them get a better idea of the CBSE exam pattern for 2025.
- They must make sure they practise questions, draw digagrams, and solve numerical problems as well.
Also, Read:
- CBSE Class 12 Preparation Tips
- CBSE Class 12 Compartment Result Date
- CBSE 12th Class Admit Card 2025
- CBSE 12th Result 2025
- CBSE 12th Class Toppers 2025
FAQs Related to CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025
Is it mandatory for candidates to maintain a practical book for their CBSE 12th practical exams?
Yes, it is mandatory for candidates to maintain practical books for the subject of physics, as, without the practical book, they will lose out on marks.
Has the CBSE board made changes to the CBSE 12th grade practicals for 2025?
Yes, the exam conducting authority has made changes to the theory portion of the CSBE 12th grade physics syllabus 2025.